A December 2025 recording featuring stracciastella_. Older sessions like this tend to surface sporadically once they’re removed elsewhere.
This is a preserved session from stracciastella_ dated December 2025. Clips from this period don’t always stay available long-term.
1 month ago (December 22, 2025)
stracciastella_
stripchat
2 days ago
stracciastella_
stripchat
3 days ago